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常见拉丁文缩写大全:e.g., i.e.都是啥意思

来源:金玉米 编辑:精品宝石 时间:2014-10-27

 

缩写1:A.D.  

拉丁文:anno Domini  

释义:in the year of the Lord 耶稣纪年,公元  

例句:The United States Civil War began in AD 1861.  

缩写2:a.m.  

拉丁文:Ante Meridiem  

释义:before middday 上午,午前  

例句:We will meet the mayor at 10 a.m.  

缩写3:c., ca.  

拉丁文:circa  

释义:around, about, approximately 大约  

用法:用于日期中表示大概的数。  

例句:The antique clock is from c.1900.  

缩写4:Cap  

拉丁文:capitulus  

释义:chapter 章节 

用法:用于英国及其前殖民地的法律章节前。  

例句:Electronic Transactions Ordinance (Cap. 553).  

缩写5:cf.  

拉丁文:confer  

释义:"bring together" and hence "compare" 试比较  

用法:提示读者比较所引用资料中的说法与文中的论述,与cp.可替换使用。  

例句:These results were similar to those obtained using different techniques (cf. Wilson, 1999 and Ansmann, 1992).  

缩写6:cp.  

释义:compare 比较  

例句:These results were similar to those obtained using different techniques (cp. Wilson, 1999 and Ansmann, 1992).  

缩写7:C.V.  

拉丁文:curriculum vitae  

释义:course of life 简历  

缩写8:etc.  

拉丁文:et cetera 

释义:and the others, and other things, and the rest 等等  

例句:I need to go to the store and buy some pie, milk, cheese, etc.  

缩写9:e.g.  

拉丁文:exempli gratia  

释义:for example, for instance 比如  

缩写10:ff.  

 
拉丁文:folio  
 
释义:and following 以及接下去的  
 
例句:see page 258ff.(参见第258页以及接下去的若干页)

例句:The shipping company instituted a surcharge on any items weighing over a ton; e.g., a car or truck.  

缩写11:id.  

拉丁文:idem  

释义:the same (man) 同上  

用法:用来避免(在引用、脚注、书目等处)重复某个男性作者的名字。如果是女性作者,用ead. (eadem)。  

缩写12:i.a.  

拉丁文:inter alia  

释义:among other things 除了别的因素以外,特别  

例句:Ernest Hemingway―author (i.a. 'The Sun Also Rises') and friend.  

缩写13:i.e.  

拉丁文:id est  

释义:that is, in other words 即是  

例句:For reasons not fully understood there is only a minor PSI contribution to the variable fluorescence emission of chloroplasts (Dau, 1994), i.e., the PSI fluorescence appears to be independent from the state of its reaction centre (Butler, 1978).  

缩写14:lb.  

拉丁文:libra  

释义:scales 磅  

缩写15:LL.B. 

拉丁文:Legum Baccalaureus

释义:bachelor of laws 法学士  

缩写16:M.A.  

拉丁文:Magister Artium  

释义:Master of Arts 文科硕士  

缩写17:N.B.  

拉丁文:nota bene  

释义:note well 注意,留心  

例句:N.B.: All the measurements have an accuracy of withi 5% as they were calibrated according to the procedure described by Jackson (1989).  

缩写18:op.cit.  

拉丁文:opere citato  

释义:the work cited 在前面所引用的书中  

用法:通常用于参考文献中,同ibid相似,但是ibid通常会跟着页码。

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